With the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the transition from an authoritarian socialist system to a democratic socialist system caused significant social and economic disruption. This was known as 'Shock Therapy,' which is a simple word that signifies freedom from danger.
ASEAN Regional Forum was established in 1993 with the objective of economic growth, regional security, regional peace and stability, co-operation and dialogue platform among foreign ministers of ASEAN and its full dialogue partners.
In the traditional definition of'security,' military threats pose the biggest threat to a country. A military threat always comes from another country, and such action jeopardises a country's essential values of sovereignty and independence. The military action also endangers the lives of the people.
These international organisations aid in the prevention of wars and the establishment of global law and order. International organisations aid in the improvement of living conditions.
India's foreign policy is characterised by non-alignment. Non-alignment entails India remaining independent by refusing to join any organisation. Non-alignment is a peaceful policy. In international affairs, non-alignment does not imply neutrality. India's non-alignment policy is a positive one. India is attempting to reconcile eastern and western philosophies.
Twenty-seven percent of the posts in public services should be reserved for OBC. Welfare programmes specially meant for OBC should be financed by the Government of India in the same manner and to the same extent as already done in the case of SC’s and ST’s.
The following were the primary causes of the former Soviet Union's disintegration: (i) Lack of Political Democracy: Stalin had succeeded in establishing himself as an absolute dictator after Lenin's death in 1924. The Soviet Union's Parliament (Duma) had been reduced to a rubber stamp, approving his policies. The authorities kept a close eye on all forms of communication (i.e., radio, newspaper etc.). The autocratic nature of the system sparked widespread unrest. (ii) Economic Failure: The Soviet economy failed to match people's expectations, particularly in terms of food production and consumer goods, due to the reliance on heavy industries. State officials were in charge of agriculture and industrial management and control. Violence and intimidation were used to increase agricultural and industrial production, but the food situation deteriorated further.