Why did India distance itself from the two camps led by the U.S. and the Soviet Union ? Explain.

Describe any four major developments in the Indian politics since 1989.

How was the European Union evolved over time from an economic union to an increasingly political one?

Explain any two merits and two demerits each of the Green Revolution.

Critically evaluate the difficulties involved in implementing the suggested reforms to reconstruct the U.N

Assess any two positive aspects of the Chipko Movement.

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions;
The interim government took a firm stance against the possible division of India into smaller principalities of different sizes. The Muslim League opposed the Indian National Congress and took the view that the States should be free to adopt any course they liked. Sardar Patel, India’s Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister during the crucial period, immediately after Independence, played a historic role in negotiating with the rulers of Princely States in bringing most of them into the Indian Union.
(i) Which government has been referred to as the interim government ?
(ii) Why did Muslim League oppose the Indian Nationa

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions :The New Congress had something that its big opponents lacked – it had an issue, an agenda and a positive slogan. The Grand Alliance did not have a coherent political programme. Indira Gandhi said that the opposition alliance had only one common programme ‘Indira Hatao’. In contrast to this, she put forward a positive programme captured in the famous slogan ‘Garibi Hatao’.
(i) Which Congress is being referred to as ‘the New Congress’ ?
(ii) Highlight any two steps taken by Indira Gandhi to remove poverty
.(iii) How far is it justified to call the ‘opposition alliance’ as the ‘Grand Alliance ’?

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions :
The Cold War was not simply a matter of power rivalries, military alliances and of balance of power. These were accompanied by a real ideological conflict as well, a difference over the best and most appropriate way of organizing political, economic, and social life all over the world.
(i) Why is a war-like situation called Cold War?
(ii) Identify one military pact each signed by each of the two super powers to balance the power rivalries.
(iii) Differentiate between the ideologies represented by the rival blocs.

Study the cartoon given above and answer the following questions :


(i) Which country is represented by this mighty soldier ?

(ii) Why have the names of so many countries been written on the uniform of the soldier ?

(iii) What message does this cartoon convey to the international community ?