Ethanol is a natural synthetic compound. It is a basic liquor with a synthetic formula: C₂H₆OCH₃–CH₂-OH. Ethanoic acid is otherwise called acidic acid. Acidic acid has an unmistakable harsh taste and sharp smell. Oxidation is the deficiency of electrons or an increment in the oxidation condition of a particle, or of specific ions in an atom. Since oxidation expansion is observed in the oxidation condition of the atom, this response of change of ethanol to ethanoic acid is considered an oxidation reaction. Fermented K₂CrO₇ is utilized as an oxidizing specialist for the transformation of ethanol to ethanoic acid.
(a) Receptors in skin (b) Sensory neuron (c) Spinal cord (d) Relay neuron (e) Motor neuron The sequence of events occurring in the diagram is reflex action. The stimulus, is first perceived by receptors present on the skin. It is sent in the form of an impulse to the spinal cord. The spinal cord interprets the stimulus and sends the impulse to the motor neurons. The motor neurons, in turn, stimulate the effectors or muscles to respond to the stimulus.
Tropism is the directional movements of plant parts towards or away from the source of stimulation. The most common type of tropisms is gravitropism and phototropism.
Auxin is a plant hormone that is synthesized at the tip of the shoot. It helps the cell grow longer. When a tendril comes in contact with a support, auxin stimulates faster growth of the cells on the opposite side that's why the tendril forms a coil around the support.
Tyndall effect is considered as an effect where a ray of light is scattered in all the directions when it encounters a colloidal. Four instances of observing the Tyndall effect: 1. The Tyndall effect can be observed in the fog. 2. The Tyndall effect is the reason for the blue color of the sky. 3. The Tyndall effect can be observed when the light is passed through the canopy in the forest. 4.The Tyndall effect can be observed when the light is passed through the milk.
Difference between glass slab and glass prism are: <p><img alt="" src=" " /></p> (i) When a narrow beam of monochromatic light passes through: (a) Glass slab: In glass slab, it deviates from the actual path but the direction of the incident ray and the emergent ray of light are parallel to each other. (b) Glass prism: In glass prism, it has deviated from the actual path but the direction of the incident ray and the emergent ray of light are not parallel to each other. (ii) When a narrow beam of white light passes through: (a) Glass slab: In glass slab, the splitting of white light into its constituent color does not occur. Here the direction of the incident ray and the emergent ray of light are parallel to each other. (b)Glass prism: In glass prism, the splitting of white light into its constituent seven color occurs. Here the direction of the incident ray and the emergent ray of light are not parallel to each other.
Pollination is known to be the transfer of pollen grains. Pollination leads to the production of fruits and seeds that create more plants. Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen grains between same or another flower on the same plant. They do not require any pollinating agents. Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from one flower to another. They require external pollinating agents.
Important products of the Chlor-alkali process with their uses are given below:- 1. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) : Sodium Hydroxide is used for making soaps and detergents. It is also used in paper manufacturing. 2. Chlorine gas (Cl₂) : Chlorine gas is used to make paints, chloroform, plastics (PVC), carbon tetrachloride, etc. It is also used for the production of bleaching powder. 3. Hygrogen gas (H₂) : Hydrogen gas is used in the process of hydrogenation of oils that is used to obtain ghee. It is also used as fuel for rockets.
Washing soda is prepared by the sodium carbonate that contains 10 molecules of water of crystallisation. This process is called as recrystallization. Washing soda is also called sodium carbonate decahydrate. It is basic salt. The chemical equation is as follows: Na₂CO₃ + 10 H₂O → Na₂CO₃ . 10 H₂O
