Q12
“For a long time, Congress Party had been a social and ideological coalition.” Justify the statement.
Solution
From its beginnings in 1885 as a pressure group for newly educated, professional, and commercial classes, the Congress Party grew into a mass movement in the twentieth century. This created the groundwork for its ultimate metamorphosis into a mass political party and subsequent political dominance. As a result, the Congress began as a party dominated by the upper caste, upper middle class, and urban elite who spoke English. Its social base widened with each Civil Disobedience movement it organised. It brought together diverse parties with often conflicting interests. The Congress accommodated peasants and industrialists, city dwellers and villagers, workers and proprietors, middle, lower, and upper classes and castes. Its leadership gradually expanded beyond the top caste and upper class.
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