In which four ways did the new economic policy of China benefit its economy ?

What is Amnesty International ? State its main functions.

What are ‘global commons’? Why is it said that international cooperation over the global commons is not easy ?

What distinguished the dominance of the Congress Party in India from other examples of one party dominance in other countries ?

Critically examine the major outcomes of the Indian model of mixed economy.

How did Janata Party make the 1977 elections into a referendum on the Emergency imposed in 1975?

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions: Each of these countries was required to make a total shift to a capitalist economy, which meant rooting out completely any structures evolved during this period. Above all, it meant that private ownership was to be the do minant pattern of ownership of property. Privatisation of state assets and corporate ownership patterns were to be immediately brought in. Collective farms were to be replaced by private farming and capitalism in agriculture. This transition ruled out any alternate or ‘third way’.
(i) Name a

At the most simple level, globalisation results in an erosion of state capacity, that is the ability of government to do what they do. All over the world, the old Svelfare state’ is now giving way to a more minimalist state that performs certain core functions such as the maintenance of law and order and the security of its citizens. However, it withdraws from many of its earlier welfare functions directed at economic and social well- being. In place of the welfare state, it is the market that becomes the prime determinant of economic and social priorities.
(i) What do the worlds ‘erosion of state capacity’ imply ? Explain with the help of an example.
(ii) Why is the concept of wel

Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions :
When India conducted its first nuclear test, it was termed as peaceful explosion. India argued that it was committed to the policy of using nuclear power only for peaceful purposes. The period when the nuclear test was conducted was a difficult period in domestic politics. Following the Arab-Israel War of 1973, the entire world was affected by the Oil Shock due to the massive hike in the oil prices by the Arab nations. It led to economic turmoil in India resulting in high inflation.
(i) When did India conduct its first nuclear test and why?
(ii) Why was the period, when the nuclear test was co

Study the cartoon given below and answer following questions :
(i) Identify any four national leaders from the above cartoon and mention the serial number of each.
(ii) Which was the most controversial issue of the period related to leader No. 2 as Prime Minister of India?
(iii) What was the position of the party led by leader No. 1 in the Lok Sabha elections of 1989?