Solution

The following are the circumstances that lead to the declaration of an emergency:
1.The executive (government) and the judiciary are at odds.   
2. As a result of the government devoting all of its resources to maintaining peace and order, progress was stifled.   
3. Students protesting price hikes and corruption in Bihar and Gujarat. George Fernandes led a railway strike. 
4. A large gathering was held at Ram Lila Maidan, with personnel, including the police and army, being urged not to heed dictatorial commands.
 5. The election of Indira Gandhi was declared invalid by the Allahabad High Court.
6. All of this contributed to a climate of suspicion toward Indira Gandhi, who frantically tried to salvage her position by declaring an emergency.

Solution

1. BKU's Kisan Andolan was one of the most well-organized agitations. 
  2. Traditional caste panchayats were used by BKU to bring people together on economic issues.    
3. BKU generated finances and resources through clan networks. '
4. The demands made by BKU were extremely obvious to farmers, and they were readily accepted . 
5. BKU maintained a political stance and operated as a pressure group.
 6. .BKU used pressure techniques to demonstrate the farmers' strength and authority.

Solution

Lessons to be learned:. 
1. Regional aspirations are an important aspect of democratic politics, and regional issues are a common occurrence.
2. The greatest method to tackle regional issues is through democratic negotiations.
3, Power sharing within the constitutional framework can be used to resolve regional issues.
4. The sentiment of regional discrimination is lessened as a result of regional balance and economic progress. As a result, the issue of regional backwardness should be addressed as soon as possible. 5. The resolution of regional issues was previously entrenched into constitutional requirements. The Constitution's sixth schedule gives local tribes entire sovereignty in keeping their customary laws and practises. 6. Federation deserves to be respected in the proper meaning of the word.