Solution

The founding leaders of the NAM were :
Jawaharlal Nehru : Prime Minsiter, India.
Josip Broz Tito : President, Yugoslavia.
Gamal Abdel Nasser : President, Egypt.
Sukarno : President, Indonesia.
Kwame Nkrumah : President, Ghana .
In a broader sense, the impact of decolonization and the emergence of a large number of newly independent African states on the world scene in the 1960s was a crucial role in the conference's planning.

The non-alignment movement was a split in the newly independent government between two opposing factions formed in the aftermath of the government.
In 1961, Belgrade hosted the first non-aligned summit. At least three elements contributed to this: (i) cooperation among these five countries, (ii) rising Cold War tensions and their expanding theatres, and (iii) the dramatic arrival of numerous newly decolonized African countries into the international arena. By 1960, the United Nations had gained 16 additional African members.

Solution

For many years, Nepal was a Hindu kingdom in the past and later a constitutional monarchy in the modern era. Throughout this time, Nepalese political parties and the general public have wished for a more open and responsive government. However, with the support of the army, the king maintained complete control over the government and limited the spread of democracy in Nepal. However, after a strong movement for democracy, the king agreed to a new democratic constitution in 1990. Democratic governments, on the other hand, had a brief and tumultuous existence. During the 1990s, Nepalese Maoists, who believed in violent insurgency against the monarchy and ruling elite, fought tooth and nail against the king's armed forces. In addition, there was a triangular fight between monarchists, democrats, and Maoists.
The king disbanded the parliament and fired the government in 2002, effectively destroying Nepal's limited democracy. Massive pro-democracy protests erupted across the country in April 2006. When the king was obliged to reinstall the House of Representatives, which had been dissolved in April 2002, the beleaguered pro-democracy forces scored their first major win. The Seven Party Alliance (SPA), Maoists, and social activists led the largely nonviolent movement. To draught the constitution, Nepal convened a constituent assembly. The Maoist organisations agreed to put their armed struggle on hold. They desired that the constitution include significant social and economic transformation programmes. The Maoists and other political organisations were also wary of the Indian government and its role in the conflict.

Solution

Over time, the European Union has progressed from being primarily an economic union to being increasingly political. The EU has begun to function more like a nation state, notwithstanding the failure of attempts to create an EU constitution. Its own flag, anthem, creation date, and currency are all unique. In dealings with other countries, it also has some type of a shared foreign and security strategy. The European Union has attempted to broaden cooperation areas while attracting new members, particularly from the former Soviet bloc. The process has not been easy, as many citizens in many nations are hesitant to give the EU powers that were previously exercised by their government. The European Union (EU) began as an economic organisation.
With its own flag, anthem, and currency, the EU created the groundwork for a single foreign and security policy. To interact with other countries, it also has a common foreign and security strategy.
The European Union is the world's largest economy. Its monetary unit The Euro has the potential to challenge the US Dollar's dominance. Its share in global trade is three times that of the United States.
The EU now has political and diplomatic power. Britain and France, two EU members, have permanent seats on the UN Security Council. As a result, the EU has been able to influence some US policies, such as the present US stance on Iran's nuclear programme.
Instead of using coercion and armed weapons, it has relied on diplomacy, economic investments, and discussions.