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2017

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Q11
Why did Gandhiji decide to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act 1919? Explain any three reasons.

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Solution

In 1919, Gandhiji decided to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed ‘Rowlatt Act (1919)’. Despite opposition by Indian National Congress, the Act was passed and it gave enormous powers to the government to repress political activities.

(i) This act had been hurriedly passed through the Imperial Legislative Council despite the united opposition from the Indian members.

(ii) It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities.

(iii) The colonial government allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.

Q12
Evaluate the contribution of folklore, songs, popular prints, etc., in shaping the nationalism during the freedom struggle

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Solution

History and fiction, folklore and songs, popular prints and symbols, all played a vital role in shaping the nationalism during the freedom struggle. It can be described in the following points:

Identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. He also wrote ‘Vande Matram’ as a hymn to the motherland.

In the same way, khadi and charkha used by Mahatma Gandhi became a symbol of agitation and resistance.

Q13
Describe any three characteristics of Odisha-Jharkhand belt’ of iron ore in India.

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Solution

The Odisha-Jharkhand belt produced the best quality of iron ore. Its main characteristics are:

(i) In Odisha, high-grade haematite ore is found.
(ii) It is found in Badampahar mines in Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar districts.
(iii) In the adjoining Singbhum district of Jharkhand, hematite iron ore is mined in Gua and Noamundi.

Q14
Explain with examples the interdependence of agriculture and industries.

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Solution

Agriculture and industries are interdependent on each other in the following ways:

Industries obtain the raw material from agriculture and produce finished products.
For example jute, sugar, cotton, etc.

Manufacturing industries, which are involved in the production of tools and equipment, have helped in modernizing agriculture.

Developments and competitiveness of manufacturing industries have not only assisted agriculturists in increasing their productions, but also made the production processes very efficient.

Q15
Why do the movement of goods and services from one place to another require fast and efficient means of transport? Explain with examples.

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Solution

Fast and efficient means of transport is the most desirable requirement of movement of goods and services. It plays a vital role in the development of a country.

We use different materials and services in our daily life. Some of these are easily available in our immediate surroundings, while other requirements are met by bringing things from other places.

Goods and services do not move from supply location to demand location on their own. The movement of these goods and services needs transportation.

The products come to consumers by transportation.

The pace of development of a country depends upon the production of goods and services as well as their movement over space.

Q16
Differentiate between Nepal’s movement F and Bolivia’s popular struggle.

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Solution

Struggles in Nepal and Bolivia: Democracy almost invariably involves a conflict of interests and viewpoints. These differences are often expressed in organised ways. In Nepal and Bolivia, struggles around conflicting demands and pressures shaped democracy.Movement in Nepal
(i) Nepal witnessed an extraordinary popular movement in April 2006.

(ii) Nepal won democracy in 1990. The King formally remained the head of the state and the real power was exercised by the elected representatives. But when king Gyanendra became the new king of Nepal in 2001, he did not accept the democratic rule. Then people revolted against him and started a movement in April 2006 to regain popular control over the government from the king Finally, the king granted the demands. As a result, the parliament was restored and laws were passed to take away most of the powers of the king.

Bolivia Water War
(i) Bolivia is a small and poor country in Latin America. The world bank pressurised the government to give up its control of municipal water supply. The government sold off these rights to an MNC. The company immediately increased the prices four times. This led to serious agitation. Finally, the contract with MNC was canceled and water supply has resorted to the municipality at old rates.

(ii) In both cases of Nepal and Bolivia, popular struggles were carried in different ways. In Bolivia, it was about one specific policy, while the struggle in Nepal was about the foundations of the country’s policies. In both cases, the struggle involved mass mobilisation.

Q17
How do the pressure groups and movements influence politics? Explain with examples.

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Solution

Pressure groups and movements influence politics in various ways:

(i) They try to gain public support and sympathy for their goals and activities by carrying out information campaigns, organizing meetings, filing petitions, etc.

(ii) They often organize protest activities like strikes or disrupting government programs and sometimes political parties grow out of movements.

(iii) Some persons from pressure groups or movements groups may participate in official bodies and committees that often advise the government.

Q18
Analyse any three values that make democracy better.

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Solution

Values that make democracy better are:

(i) It provides equality among citizens All individuals and citizens of the state country have equal rights in electing their representatives.
(ii) It enhances the dignity of an individual; respect, dignity, and freedom are the basis of democracy.

(iii) It improves the quality of decision making.

(iv) It provides methods to resolve conflicts; In other words, it allows for negotiations and room to correct mistakes.

(v) Guarantees rights of a citizen; every citizen has the right and means to examine the process of decision making

(vi) It produces a government that is accountable to the citizens and responsive to the needs and expectations of Citizens.

Q19
“Banks are an efficient medium of exchange.” Support the statement with arguments.

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Solution

We agree with the statement that “Banks are an efficient medium of exchange” because:

Demand deposits share the essential features of money.

The facility of cheque against demand deposit makes it possible to directly settle payments without the use of cash.

Demand deposits are accepted widely as a medium of payment.

Q20
Examine any three conditions which should be taken care of by multinational companies to set up their production units.

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Solution

Multinational corporations (MNCs) has emerged in many countries and their role has spread from manufacturing to services of consultancy. An MNC is a company which owns and controls productions or provides consultancy in more than one nation. They normally study three conditions before setting up their production units that are:

(i) MNCs set up offices and factories for production in region where they can get cheap labour.

(ii) MNCs require good quality raw materials for their factories.

(iii) They look for good transport mode to take their product to consumers or to other countries.

(iv) This is done so that the cost of production becomes low and MNC can earn good profit.

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2017

Q11 Why did Gandhiji decide to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act 1919? Explain any three reasons.

Solution

Q12 Evaluate the contribution of folklore, songs, popular prints, etc., in shaping the nationalism during the freedom struggle

Solution

Q13 Describe any three characteristics of Odisha-Jharkhand belt’ of iron ore in India.

Solution

Q14 Explain with examples the interdependence of agriculture and industries.

Solution

Q15 Why do the movement of goods and services from one place to another require fast and efficient means of transport? Explain with examples.

Solution

Q16 Differentiate between Nepal’s movement F and Bolivia’s popular struggle.

Solution

Q17 How do the pressure groups and movements influence politics? Explain with examples.

Solution

Q18 Analyse any three values that make democracy better.

Solution

Q19 “Banks are an efficient medium of exchange.” Support the statement with arguments.

Solution

Q20 Examine any three conditions which should be taken care of by multinational companies to set up their production units.

Solution

Subjects

Q11
Why did Gandhiji decide to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act 1919? Explain any three reasons.

Q12
Evaluate the contribution of folklore, songs, popular prints, etc., in shaping the nationalism during the freedom struggle

Q13
Describe any three characteristics of Odisha-Jharkhand belt’ of iron ore in India.

Q14
Explain with examples the interdependence of agriculture and industries.

Q15
Why do the movement of goods and services from one place to another require fast and efficient means of transport? Explain with examples.

Q16
Differentiate between Nepal’s movement F and Bolivia’s popular struggle.

Q17
How do the pressure groups and movements influence politics? Explain with examples.

Q18
Analyse any three values that make democracy better.

Q19
“Banks are an efficient medium of exchange.” Support the statement with arguments.

Q20
Examine any three conditions which should be taken care of by multinational companies to set up their production units.