Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Why kinfolk quarreled
This is an excerpt from the Adi Pawan (literally, the first section) of the Sanskrit Mahabharata, describing why conflicts arose amongst the Kauravas and Pandavas:
The Kauravas were the … sons of Dhritarashtra, and the Pandavas…were their cousins. Since Dhritarashtra was blind, his younger brother Pandu ascended the throne of Hastinapura . . . However, after the premature death of Pandu, Dhritarashtra became king, as the royal princes were still very young. As the princes grew up together, the citizens of Hastinapura began to express their preference for the Pandavas, for they

Fatalists and materialists
Here is an excerpt from the Sutta Pitaka, describing a conversation between king Ajatasatru, the ruler of Magadha, and the Buddha : one occasion King Ajatasatru visited the Buddha and described what another teacher, named Makkhali Gosala, had told him :
“Though the wise should hope, by this virtue by this penance I will gain karma … and the fool should by the same means hope to gradually rid himself of his karma, neither of them can do it. Pleasure and pain, measured out as it were, cannot be altered in the course of samsara (transmigration). It can neither be lessened or increased . . . just as a ball of string will when thrown unwind to its full length, s

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
The One Lord Here is a composition attributed to Kabir:
Tell me, brother, how can there be
No one lord of the world but two?
Who led you so astray?
God is called by many names:
Names like Allah, Ram, Karim, Keshav, Hari, and Hazrat.
Gold may be shaped into rings and bangles.
Isn’t it gold all the same?
Distinctions are only in words that we invent.
Kabir says they are both mistaken.
Neither can find the only Ram.
One kills the goat, the other cows.
They wast

A warning for Europe
Bemier warned that if European kings followed the Mughal model: Their kingdoms would be very far from being well-cultivated and people, so well built, so rich, so polite and flourishing as we see them. Our kings are otherwise rich and powerful, and we must avow that they are much better and more royally served. They would soon be kings of deserts and solitudes, of beggars and barbarians, such as those are whom I have been representing (the Mughals). We should find the great Cities and the great Burroughs (boroughs) rendered uninhabitable because of ill air, and to fall to ruin without any bodies (anybody) taking care of repairing them; the hillocks abandoned, and the fields ov

On the given political outline map of India (on page 13) mark and label the following mature Harappan sites Rakhigadi, Nageshwar, Lothal, Kalibangan, Kotdiji.
<p><img alt="" src=" " /></p>

On the given political outline map of India (on page 13) mark and label the following territories under Babar, Akbar, and Aurangzeb: Delhi, Goa, Agra, Ajmer, Amber.
<p><img alt="" src=" " /></p>

On the given political outline map of India (on page 15) five territories/cities under the British control in 1857 have been marked as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Identify them and write their names on the lines drawn nearby:
<p><img alt="" src=" " /></p>

<p> <center><strong>Nuts like a man's head</strong></center>
<p>The following is how Ibn Battuta described the coconut :
These trees are among the most peculiar trees in kind and most astonishing in habit. They look exactly like date-palms, without any difference between them except that the one produces nuts as its fruits and the other produces dates. The nut of a coconut tree resembles a man's head, for in it are what look like two eyes and a mouth, and the inside of it when it is green looks like the brain, and attached to it is a fibre which looks like hair. They make from this cords with which they sew up ships instead of (using) iron nails, a

<p> <center><strong>Nuts like a man's head</strong></center>
<p>The following is how Ibn Battuta described the coconut :
These trees are among the most peculiar trees in kind and most astonishing in habit. They look exactly like date-palms, without any difference between them except that the one produces nuts as its fruits and the other produces dates. The nut of a coconut tree resembles a man's head, for in it are what look like two eyes and a mouth, and the inside of it when it is green looks like the brain, and attached to it is a fibre which looks like hair. They make from this cords with which they sew up ships instead of (using) iron nails, a

<p> <center><strong>"A voice in the wilderness"</strong></center></p>
<p>Mahatma Gandhi knew that his was "a voice in the wilderness" but he nevertheless continued to oppose the idea of Partition :
But what a tragic change we see today. I wish the day may come again when Hindus and Muslims will do nothing without mutual consultation. I am day and night tormented by the question what I can do to hasten the coming of that day. I appeal to the League not to regard any Indian as its enemy... Hindus and Muslims are born of the same soil. They have the same blood, eat the same food, div. I don't completely agree with Ibn Battuta'